1通信装置的硬件描述
PLC与PC机之间实现通道，可使二者互补功能上的不足，PLC用于控制方面既方便又可靠，而PC机在图形显示、数据处理、打印报表以及中文显示等方面有很强的功能。因此，各PLC制造厂家纷纷开发了适用于本公司的各种型号PLC与PC机通信的接口模块。三菱公司开发的FX-232AW接口模块用于FX2系列PLC与计算机通信。还有与以太网连接的接口模块AJ71E71、与MAP网连接的接口模块AJ71M51-S1、与FAIS MAP网连接的接口模块AJ71M51M1等。不同的通信方式，有着不同的成本价格和不同的适用范围。在此介绍一种通过PC机的RS-232口与PLC进行通信的实现方法。
FX2系列PLC的编程接口采用RS-422标准，而计算机的串行口采用RS-232标准。因此，作为实现PLC计算机通信的接口电路，必须将RS-422标准转换成RS-232标准。
RS-232与RS-422标准在信号的传送、逻辑电平均不相同。
RS-232采用单端接收器和单端发送器，只用一根信号线来传送信息，并且根据该信号线上电平相对于公共的信号地电平的大小来决定逻辑的“1”（-3～-15V）和“0”（+3～+15V）；
RS-422标准是一种以平衡方式传输的标准，即双端发送和双端接收，根据两条传输线之间的电位差值来决定逻辑状态。RS-422电路由发送器、平衡连接电缆、电缆终端负载和接收器组成。它通过平衡发送器和差动接收器将逻辑电平和电位差之间进行转换
选用MAXIM公司的MAX202实现RS-232与TTL之间的电平转换。MAX202内部有电压倍增电路和转换电路，仅需+5V电源就可工作，使用十分方便；选用MAX490实现RS-485与TTL之间的转换。每片MAX490有一对发送器/接收器，由于通信采用全双工方式，故需两片MAX490，另外只需外接4只电容即可。
PLC的RS-422接口配接DB-25型连接器，而PC机一般用DB-9型连接器。硬件电路图如图1所示。
将RS-232的RS、CS短接，这样对计算机发送数据来说，PLC总是处于就绪状态。也就是说，计算机在任何时候都可以将数据送到PLC内。又由于DR、ER交叉连接，因此，对计算机接收数据来说，必须等待至PLC处于准备就绪状态。
2通信装置的软件描述
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MICRISTAR MODEL 828 DIGITAL PROCESS CONTROLLER
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